1,234 research outputs found
Interface roughness effect on friction map under fretting contact conditions
In many industrial applications where fretting damage is observed in the contact (e.g. rotor/blade, electrical contacts, assembly joint, axe/wheel, clutch) the external loadings or geometry design cannot be changed. Therefore, the surface preparation and finishing process become essential to control and reduce the damage caused by fretting. In this paper, the authors present the experimental study of the initial surface roughness and machining process influence on fretting conditions in both partial and full sliding regimes. Surfaces prepared by milling and smooth abrasive polishing processes have been analysed. The influence of roughness on sliding behaviour and analysis of friction have been reported. Also, the contact pressure influence and qualitative analysis of fretting wear scar have been presented
Alteration patterns of trabecular bone microarchitectural characteristics induced by osteoarthritis over time
10.2147/CIA.S32513Clinical Interventions in Aging7303-31
Human-like property induction is a challenge for large language models
The impressive recent performance of large language models such as GPT-3 has led many to wonder to what extent they can serve as models of general intelligence or are similar to human cognition. We address this issue by applying GPT-3 to a classic problem in human inductive reasoning known as property induction. Our results suggest that while GPT-3 can qualitatively mimic human performance for some inductive phenomena (especially those that depend primarily on similarity relationships), it reasons in a qualitatively distinct way on phenomena that require more theoretical understanding. We propose that this emerges due to the reasoning abilities of GPT-3 rather than its underlying representations, and suggest that increasing its scale is unlikely to change this pattern.Simon Jerome Han, Keith J. Ransom, Andrew Perfors, Charles Kem
How physicians manage medical uncertainty: A qualitative study and conceptual taxonomy
Background - Medical uncertainty is a pervasive and important problem, but the strategies physicians use to manage it have not been systematically described.
Objectives - To explore the uncertainty management strategies employed by physicians practicing in acute-care hospital settings and to organize these strategies within a conceptual taxonomy that can guide further efforts to understand and improve physicians’ tolerance of medical uncertainty.
Design - Qualitative study using individual in-depth interviews.
Participants - Convenience sample of 22 physicians and trainees (11 attending physicians, 7 residents [postgraduate years 1–3), 4 fourth-year medical students), working within 3 medical specialties (emergency medicine, internal medicine, internal medicine–pediatrics), at a single large US teaching hospital.
Measurements - Semistructured interviews explored participants’ strategies for managing medical uncertainty and temporal changes in their uncertainty tolerance. Inductive qualitative analysis of audio-recorded interview transcripts was conducted to identify and categorize key themes and to develop a coherent conceptual taxonomy of uncertainty management strategies.
Results - Participants identified various uncertainty management strategies that differed in their primary focus: 1) ignorance-focused, 2) uncertainty-focused, 3) response-focused, and 4) relationship-focused. Ignorance- and uncertainty-focused strategies were primarily curative (aimed at reducing uncertainty), while response- and relationship-focused strategies were primarily palliative (aimed at ameliorating aversive effects of uncertainty). Several participants described a temporal evolution in their tolerance of uncertainty, which coincided with the development of greater epistemic maturity, humility, flexibility, and openness.
Conclusions - Physicians and physician-trainees employ a variety of uncertainty management strategies focused on different goals, and their tolerance of uncertainty evolves with the development of several key capacities. More work is needed to understand and improve the management of medical uncertainty by physicians, and a conceptual taxonomy can provide a useful organizing framework for this work
Probing Topcolor-Assisted Technicolor from Top-Charm Associated Production at LHC
We propose to probe the topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) model from the
top-charm associated productions at the LHC, which are highly suppressed in the
Standard Model. Due to the flavor-changing couplings of the top quark with the
scalars (top-pions and top-Higgs) in TC2 model, the top-charm associated
productions can occur via both the s-channel and t-channel parton processes by
exchanging a scalar field at the LHC. We examined these processes through Monte
Carlo simulation and found that they can reach the observable level at the LHC
in quite a large part of the parameter space of the TC2 model.Comment: Version to appear in PRD (Rapid Communication
Probing R-violating top quark decays at the NLC
We examine the possibility of observing exotic top quark decays via
-Parity violating SUSY interactions in collisions at \sqrt{s = 500
GeV. We present cross-sections for production followed by the
subsequent decay of either the or via the -Parity
violating interaction while the other undergoes the SM decay. We discuss
kinematic cuts that allow the exotic SUSY decays to be detected over standard
model backgrounds. Discovery limits for -Parity violating couplings in the
top sector are presented assuming an integrated luminosity of .Comment: 9 LaTeX pages, 3 PS figure
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